Healthy bones are essential for staying active, mobile, and independent at every age. At UTMB Health, our bone health and fracture prevention services focus on identifying risk factors as well as strengthening bones. Our goal is to reduce the risk of fractures, especially in older adults or those with osteoporosis. Whether you're recovering from a fracture or looking to prevent one, our team provides personalized care, education, and support to help you protect your bones and maintain a strong foundation for life.
Additional Services & Procedures
We've highlighted some of the most common services—please explore the conditions list for treatments by condition.
Bone Health Medications & Supplementation
Overview:
Bone health medications and supplements are used to prevent or treat bone loss and conditions like osteoporosis, osteopenia, and other metabolic bone disorders. They help improve bone density, reduce fracture risk, and support overall skeletal health.
Common Bone Health Medications:
- Oral bisphosphonates (e.g., alendronate, risedronate): Slow bone loss and reduce fracture risk
- Reclast (Zoledronic Acid): An IV bisphosphonate to reduce bone loss
- Prolia (Denosumab): A biologic injection that helps reduce bone breakdown
- Teriparatide / Abaloparatide: Stimulates new bone growth
- Romosozumab: Increases bone formation and decreases bone loss
- Hormone therapy (e.g., estrogen, SERMs): Helps maintain bone density, especially in postmenopausal women
Common Bone Health Supplements:
- Calcium: Essential for bone strength. Typically recommended if dietary intake is low.
- Vitamin D: Helps the body absorb calcium. Often taken with calcium.
- Magnesium and Vitamin K: Support bone metabolism and mineralization.
Bone Health Optimization
Overview:
We offer a Bone Health Optimization Clinic before orthopedic surgery, most commonly before total joint and spinal fusion procedures. This clinic addresses the risks associated with undiagnosed osteoporosis, the potential complications of joint surgery to reduce hardware failure, and the benefits of a proactive approach. The bone health clinic increases preoperative osteoporosis screening rates and pharmacologic osteoporosis treatment for orthopedic surgery patients.
Bone Health Screening
Overview:
A bone health screening is a test or set of tests used to assess the strength and density of your bones. The most common is a DEXA scan (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), which checks for signs of osteoporosis or low bone density. Screenings help identify your risk for bone fractures, especially as you age. They also guide treatment to prevent bone loss or improve bone strength through lifestyle changes, supplements, or medication.
A bone health screening is primarily used to detect and monitor conditions that affect bone strength and density. Common conditions include:
- Osteoporosis
- Osteopenia
- Osteomalacia
- Paget’s disease of bone
This type of test can also be used to monitor bone loss in people on certain medications (e.g., steroids) or with chronic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or hormonal disorders.
Conditions Treated:
Before the Screening:
Minimal preparation is needed for most bone health screenings. If you're having a DEXA (bone density) scan, you may be advised to avoid calcium supplements for 24 hours beforehand. Wear comfortable clothing without metal, such as zippers or buttons, as metal can interfere with imaging. Be prepared to answer questions about your medical history, lifestyle, risk factors, and any recent fractures.
After the Screening:
You'll receive a bone density score (T-score) that indicates whether your bones are normal, low in density (osteopenia), or osteoporotic. A healthcare provider will discuss your results and may recommend lifestyle changes, supplements, or medications if needed. Further tests or follow-up screenings may be scheduled, especially if your results indicate bone loss or high fracture risk.
Comprehensive Metabolic Bone Health Panel
Overview:
A comprehensive metabolic bone health panel is a group of blood and urine tests used to evaluate the health of your bones. This panel also identifies underlying causes of bone loss, fractures, or metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis or osteomalacia. With this information, doctors can diagnose metabolic bone conditions, monitor treatment effectiveness, and identify secondary causes of bone loss. Some of the most common conditions that the panel can help detect or evaluate include:
- Osteoporosis
- Osteopenia
- Vitamin D deficiency
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Osteomalacia
Before the Panel:
You may be asked to fast for 8–12 hours, especially if blood calcium or phosphate levels are being checked. Avoid taking calcium or vitamin D supplements unless instructed otherwise. Your provider may ask about your medications, medical history, and any recent fractures or bone pain.
After the Panel:
You can return to normal activities immediately. Test results are typically available within a few days. Your provider will review the results with you to determine if there are signs of bone loss, hormonal imbalances, or nutritional deficiencies. Based on your results, your doctor may recommend additional tests, lifestyle changes, supplements, or medications
Fall Prevention Strategies & Safety Education
Overview:
Fall prevention strategies and safety education aim to reduce the risk of falls, especially in older adults and those with bone health issues like osteoporosis. These efforts focus on strengthening the body, modifying environments, and raising awareness to help individuals stay safe and independent.
Key Fall Prevention Strategies:
- Exercise regularly.
- Use assistive devices (canes, walkers) when needed.
- Wear supportive, non-slip footwear.
- Keep homes well-lit and clutter-free.
- Install grab bars and handrails in bathrooms and stairways.
- Remove tripping hazards like loose rugs and cords.
- Review medications that may cause dizziness or balance issues.
- Get regular vision and hearing checks.
Safety Education:
- How to spot fall risks
- Tips on safe movement and transfers (e.g., getting up from a chair or bed)
- Emergency response if a fall occurs
- Promoting awareness of bone fragility and fracture risks in those with osteoporosis
Can’t find what you're looking for? Contact the care team at the clinic for assistance.
Conditions We Treat
Hyperparathyroidism
Overview:
Hyperparathyroidism is a condition in which the parathyroid glands, pea-sized glands located at the bottom of the neck, create excessive amounts of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the bloodstream. This condition can be categorized as primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism.
With primary hyperparathyroidism, the overproduction of PTH typically stems from a benign tumor (adenoma). With secondary hyperparathyroidism, it’s typically in response to chronic kidney disease, or low calcium or vitamin D levels.
Symptoms:
- Weak bones/fractures
- Kidney stones
- Excessive urination
- Stomach pain
- Tiring easily or weakness
- Depression or forgetfulness
- Bone and joint pain
- Frequent complaints of illness with no clear cause
- Nausea, vomiting or loss of appetite
- Weight loss, poor weight gain or failure to thrive (in infants and young children)
Treatment/procedure options:
- Surgery (parathyroidectomy)
- Monitoring (for mild cases)
- Medication
- Vitamin D supplements
- Phosphate binders
Hypocalcemia
Overview:
Hypocalcemia is a condition in which there are low levels of calcium in the blood, resulting in potentially serious health complications. Hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, and chronic kidney disease are some of the common causes.
Symptoms:
- Tingling or numbness in the fingers, toes, or around the mouth
- Muscle cramps or spasms
- Fatigue or weakness
- Mood changes
- Dry skin or brittle nails
- Abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Severe muscle cramps
- Seizures
- Confusion
Treatment/procedure options:
- Oral calcium supplements
- Intravenous calcium
- Vitamin D supplementation
- Magnesium supplementation
- Parathyroid hormone replacement
Osteomalacia
Overview:
Osteomalacia is a condition in which the bones become soft and weak (defective bone mineralization), leaving them more susceptible to breakage. In most cases, this condition develops as the result of a vitamin D deficiency.
Symptoms:
- Frequent bone fractures or breaks, even from minor injuries
- Muscle spasms, cramps, or pain
- Waddling gait/walking difficulty
- More frequent falls
Treatments/Procedures:
- Increasing vitamin D intake in food
- Increased sunlight exposure
- Wearing leg braces
- Corrective surgery (in severe cases)
Osteopenia
Overview:
Osteopenia is a condition in which bone mineral density is below normal levels, making bones weaker than they should be, but not to the extent seen in osteoporosis. It commonly develops with age or as the result of certain lifestyle or medical factors, and it increases the risk of progressing to osteoporosis and experiencing bone fractures.
Symptoms:
Osteopenia typically does not cause symptoms; most people don’t realize they have it until they undergo a bone density test (DEXA scan) or experience a bone fracture. However, in some cases, people with osteopenia may experience:
- Loss of height over time (due to spinal compression fractures)
- Postural changes, like a slight stoop
- Fractures from minor falls or injuries, especially in the wrist, hip, or spine
- Bone pain or weakness
Treatments/Procedures:
- Physical and diet-related lifestyle changes
- Medications, including hormone therapy
- Regular bone density scans (DEXA scans)
Osteoporosis
Overview:
Osteoporosis is a common condition in people over 50 in which bones become weak, brittle, and more prone to fractures and breaks. A lifelong lack of calcium, eating disorders, and a decrease in estrogen or testosterone are all potential causes of osteoporosis.
Symptoms:
Osteoporosis often has no symptoms until a fracture occurs. When symptoms are present, they may include back pain, loss of height, or a stooped posture, typically due to fractures or vertebral collapse.
Treatments/Procedures:
Infusion therapy helps manage osteoporosis by delivering medications that strengthen bones and increase bone density, reducing the risk of fractures. It usually involves medications like zoledronic acid or denosumab, which are delivered intravenously to help increase bone density and reduce fracture risk. These treatments are typically administered regularly to maintain bone health.
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can also be used to treat osteoporosis by strengthening the bones to decrease the likelihood of fractures down the road. HRT increases the level of estrogen in the body, which is required for healthy bones.
Paget’s Disease of Bone
Overview:
Paget’s disease of bone is a long-term condition that disrupts the normal process of bone remodeling — where old bone is broken down and replaced with new bone. In this disorder, the process becomes overly active and uncoordinated, resulting in bones that are weakened, abnormally large, and misshapen.
Symptoms:
- Bone pain
- Bone deformities (bowed legs, enlarged skull)
- Fractures
- Arthritis
- Hearing loss
Treatments/Procedures:
- Bisphosphonates
- Calcitonin
- Pain management
- Surgery
Your Care Team
Each provider may treat different conditions. Click on a profile to see their areas of specialty.
Frequently Asked Questions
-
What is bone health and why is it important?
Bone health refers to the strength and density of your bones. Maintaining healthy bones helps prevent fractures, osteoporosis, and other skeletal problems, especially as you age. -
What causes bones to weaken over time?
Bone loss can result from aging, hormonal changes, poor nutrition, certain medications, lack of physical activity, and medical conditions like osteoporosis. -
How can I tell if I’m at risk for a fracture?
Risk factors include being over age 50, having a family history of osteoporosis, low body weight, smoking, vitamin D deficiency, and past fractures. -
Can bone loss be reversed?
While lost bone can't always be fully restored, treatments like medications, exercise, and supplements can help slow or stop further bone loss. -
What can I do to prevent fractures?
Stay physically active, eat a bone-healthy diet, avoid smoking and excess alcohol, take supplements if needed, and make your home fall-proof. -
At what age should I start getting screened for bone health?
Women over 65 and men over 70 should be screened. Earlier screening may be recommended if you have risk factors.
All Orthopedic Specialties
Our Locations
- 2020 East Highway 6
- M–F: 7 a.m.–6 p.m.
- (281) 585-2530
- (281) 585-3819
- Website
- 1715 South Friendswood Drive, 4th Floor
- M–F: 8 a.m.–5 p.m.
- (832) 505-1200
- (281) 482-3963
- Website
- 2240 Gulf Freeway South
- M–F: 8 a.m.–5 p.m.
- (832) 505-1200
- (281) 309-0137
- Website
- 400 Harborside Drive
Suite 109, Entrance A - M–F: 8 a.m.–5 p.m.
- Adult & Pediatric
- (409) 266-7846
- (409) 772-5890
- Website
- 10121 Emmett F. Lowry Expressway
- M–F: 7:30 a.m.–5 p.m.
- (832) 505-1200
- (409) 986-7890
- Website