Spine & Peripheral Nerve

Treatments & Procedures:

• Physical therapy and exercise programs
• Pain-relieving medications or injections
• Minimally invasive spine surgery
• Spinal fusion to stabilize the spine
• Robotic or image-guided surgery for precise repair

Treatments & Procedures:

• Activity changes and rest to reduce pressure
• Splints or braces to keep joints in a good position
• Physical or occupational therapy
• Anti-inflammatory medicine or injections
• Nerve decompression surgery to release pressure on the nerve

Treatments & Procedures:

• Physical therapy and core stabilization exercises
• NSAIDs and pain management
• Lifestyle modifications to lose weight and improve posture
• Injections (epidural or facet)
• Surgical options, such as spinal fusion or artificial disc replacement, in severe cases

Treatments & Procedures:

• Physical therapy
• Epidural steroid injections (mostly used for adults)
• Medications to reduce pain and swelling
• Spinal decompression (discectomy): surgery to remove part of the disc
• Spinal fusion: joins bones to keep the spine stable

Treatments & Procedures:

• Physical therapy and posture training
• Pain medications or injections
• Cervical decompression surgery to relieve nerve pressure
• Cervical fusion or disc replacement if instability is present
• Robotic or minimally invasive spine surgery

Treatments & Procedures:

• Physical therapy to strengthen and improve movement
• Anti-inflammatory or nerve-pain medications
• Epidural steroid injections for pain relief
• Decompression surgery to remove pressure from nerves or spinal cord
• Spinal fusion or disc replacement if needed for stability

Treatments & Procedures:

• Rest and activity modification
• Braces or splints to support and protect the affected nerve or muscles
• Physical therapy to maintain mobility and rebuild strength
• Medications such as anti-inflammatories, pain relievers, or nerve pain treatments
• Steroid injections to reduce inflammation around the nerve
• Observation and monitoring for natural nerve healing
• Surgical options to relieve pressure or repair nerve damage, including nerve repair or grafting, nerve transfers, and neuroma removal
• Nerve regeneration therapies for severe or long-term injuries

Treatments & Procedures:

• MRI and nerve testing to locate and study tumors
• Monitoring for slow-growing tumors
• Surgery to remove tumors while protecting nerve function
• Radiation or chemotherapy for cancerous tumors (MPNSTs)
• Pain management support

Treatments & Procedures:

• Physical therapy and stretching exercises
• Pain medications or nerve-calming drugs
• Steroid injections into the spine to ease swelling
• Minimally invasive or robotic surgery to remove the pressure on the nerve
• Acupuncture or chiropractic care
• Spinal fusion if structural support is needed

Treatments & Procedures:

• Botulinum toxin injections to relax tight muscles
• Physical therapy for posture and movement
• Selective denervation surgery

Treatments & Procedures:

• Physical therapy and posture training
• Pain relief and anti-inflammatory medications
• Spinal decompression (laminectomy): removes bone or tissue to relieve pressure
• Spinal fusion: keeps the spine stable after decompression

Treatments & Procedures:

• Observation, for asymptomatic benign tumors
• Surgery
• Radiation therapy
• Chemotherapy
• Pain management and rehabilitation

Treatments & Procedures:

• Physical therapy
• Pain medications
• Spinal fusion: surgery to join the slipped bones together
• Decompression surgery: to remove pressure on nerves

Treatments & Procedures:

• Pain medications
• Bracing to support the spine
• Vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty: injects bone cement to stabilize the fracture
• Surgery if the spine is unstable or nerves are compressed

Conditions Treated:

• Degenerative disc disease
• Herniated disc
• Chronic neck or back pain (from disc damage)

Before the Procedure:

You’ll have tests to make sure you’re a good candidate. Your surgeon will explain how the artificial disc works and what to expect from recovery.

After the Procedure:

You’ll likely stay in the hospital for 1–2 days. Most people can return to light activity within a few weeks. Over time, you’ll notice better movement and less pain.

Conditions Evaluated:

• Peripheral nerve compression (like carpal tunnel or cubital tunnel)
• Nerve injuries from accidents or surgery
• Muscle weakness or unexplained loss of strength
• Nerve tumors or swelling
• Pain or numbness with unclear cause
• Autoimmune or inflammatory nerve disease

Before the Procedure:

Your care team will explain which tests are needed and why. Most tests use only local numbing or none at all. You can eat and drink normally unless your doctor gives other instructions. Some tests may require you to:

• Stop certain medicines for a short time
• Avoid lotions or oils on the skin
• Arrange a ride home if sedation is planned

After the Procedure:

Most people return to normal activities the same day. Your care team will tell you how to care for the site and when to call if you have concerns. Test results are reviewed by specialists, and we will explain what they mean and the next steps in your care. You may have mild soreness where the biopsy was done and a small bandage on the test area.

Conditions Treated:

• Herniated disc
• Spinal stenosis
• Some tumors or fractures
• Some cases needing spinal fusion

Before the Procedure:

Your doctor will explain how this surgery is different from open surgery. You’ll have imaging tests and get instructions for recovery at home.

After the Procedure:

Most patients go home the same day or next. You’ll feel sore for a few days but should recover faster than with open surgery. Light activity can begin soon, with full recovery in weeks to months.

Conditions Treated:

• Herniated or bulging discs
• Spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spine)
• Scoliosis and spinal deformities
• Degenerative disc disease
• Nerve compression or impingement
• Some spinal fractures

Before the Procedure:

Your care team will review your medical history and imaging, such as MRI or CT scans, to plan the surgery in detail. You may need to stop certain medications before the procedure. Blood tests and a physical exam help make sure you are ready. You’ll also meet with the anesthesia team to discuss pain control and safety during surgery.

After the Procedure:

Most patients stay in the hospital for a short time, often less than with traditional surgery. Pain is managed with medication, and you’ll be encouraged to move as soon as it’s safe. A physical therapist may help you start gentle walking or stretching. Recovery time depends on the type of spine problem treated, but many people return to daily activities more quickly. Your surgeon will schedule follow-up visits to check healing and progress.

Conditions Treated:

• Chronic nerve or spine-related pain
• Pain that continues after back or neck surgery
• Complex regional pain syndrome
• Neuropathic pain

Before the Procedure:

Before getting a spinal cord stimulator, most patients have a trial period. During this time, temporary wires are placed near the spine and connected to an external device. This helps find out if the treatment reduces pain. Imaging tests, such as MRI or X-rays, may be done before the trial. Your care team will also review your medications and may ask you to stop certain ones before the procedure.

After the Procedure:

If the trial is successful, a permanent stimulator can be placed. After surgery, you may feel sore for a few days. Most people return to normal activities within a couple of weeks. The device will be adjusted over time to help you get the best pain relief. Regular follow-up visits are needed to check how well the system is working and to make changes if needed.

Conditions Treated:

• Herniated or bulging discs
• Spinal stenosis
• Bone spurs pressing on nerves
• Sciatica or leg pain from nerve compression
• Chronic back or neck pain caused by nerve pressure
• Nerve-related weakness or numbness

Before the Procedure:

You will have imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans to locate the exact area of nerve pressure. Your care team will explain the surgical plan and review your medicines. You may be asked to stop certain medicines before surgery. Most spinal decompression procedures are done with general anesthesia. Your surgeon will tell you how to prepare, when to stop eating or drinking, and what to expect on the day of surgery.

After the Procedure:

You will spend time in a recovery area before going home or to a hospital room. Some soreness in the back or neck is normal. Many people notice early relief in leg or arm symptoms because pressure on the nerve is reduced. Your care team will give instructions about walking, lifting, wound care, and follow-up visits. Physical therapy may be recommended to support healing and improve movement. Most people return to normal activities over several weeks.

Conditions Treated:

• Spinal instability from arthritis or degenerative disc disease
• Severe spondylolisthesis (slipped vertebra)
• Spinal fractures
• Chronic back or neck pain linked to unstable spinal movement
• Spinal deformities such as scoliosis or kyphosis
• Severe disc problems that do not improve with other treatments
• Spine conditions that require removal of bone or disc material, creating a need to stabilize the area
• Certain spine infections or tumors that weaken the bones
• Instability after previous spine surgery

Before the Procedure:

Your surgeon will review imaging tests and may ask you to stop some medications. You’ll talk about anesthesia and what to expect during healing.

After the Procedure:

You’ll stay in the hospital for a few days. You may need a back brace and physical therapy. It can take several months for the bones to fully heal, but most people have less pain and better movement over time.

Conditions Treated:

• Spinal tumors (benign or cancerous)
• Tumors causing nerve compression
• Tumors affecting spinal stability

Before the Procedure:

You’ll have detailed scans and possibly a biopsy. Your care team will explain how the tumor will be removed and how to prepare for surgery.

After the Procedure:

Recovery depends on the tumor’s size and location. You may need a short hospital stay and physical therapy. Many patients feel less pain and regain movement over time. Follow-up care will include regular scans and checkups.

Conditions Treated:

• Vertebral compression fractures
• Osteoporosis-related fractures
• Spinal trauma

Before the Procedure:

You’ll have imaging to locate the fracture. The procedure is often done under local or light anesthesia. You’ll lie on your stomach while the doctor works.

After the Procedure:

You may feel better right away. Most people go home the same day. You’ll need to avoid heavy lifting for a short time but can usually return to normal activities quickly.